Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a pioneering concrete that can gush beneath its own load, filling the formwork, and achieving full consolidation while maintaining sufficient cohesion to handle the concrete without segregation or bleeding issues. To develop EPS- fiber reinforced SCC, waste materials such as Expanded Polystyrene Beads (EPS) and waste plastic fibers (Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)) were incorporated. This study investigated the response of SCC to the incorporation of different ratios of PET fibers (0.35%, 0.5%, and 0.75%) and 10% of EPS particles and its impact on fresh and mechanical properties of SCC mixtures. Five SCC mixtures were designed, including the reference mixture, 10% EPS mixture, and three volume fractions (Vf) of PET mixtures. Test results indicated that EPS particles had an optimistic effect on fresh properties and a slight negative effect on mechanical properties. While PET fibers revealed a slight negative impact on fresh properties, they also improved mechanical properties. The highest and lowest values in fresh properties tests, including slump flow, T50, V-funnel, L-box, and sieve segregation were (780mm for (E %10) mix, 5.4 seconds for (0.75% f) mix, 19 second for (0.75% f) mix, 0.85 for (E %10) mix, and 10.77% for (R) mix), respectively and (670mm for (0.75% f) mix, 1.8 second for (E %10) mix, 6 seconds for (E %10) mix, 0 for (0.75% f) mix, and 3.28% for (0.5% f) mix), respectively. While, the highest and lowest values in mechanical properties tests, including density, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength were (2305 kg/m3 for (R) mix, 4.2 km/s for (R) mix, 48 MPa for (0.5% f) mix, and 3.66 MPa for (0.5% f) mix), respectively and (2170 kg/m3 for (0.5% f) mix, 4.03 km/s for (0.75% f) mix, 31 MPa for (E %10) mix, and 2.33 MPa for (E %10) mix), respectively
This study presents an experimental research of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) properties containing waste plastic fibers (WPF). Adding waste plastics which resulting from cutting PET bottles as fibers to SCC with aspect ratio (l/d) equal to (28). To illustrate the effects of WPFs on the SCC, the current study was divided into two parts, the first part shows the effect of adding plastic fibers on the properties of fresh SCC, which include the ability flow, spread, passing and resistance to segregation, and the second part to evaluate the properties of hardened (mechanical) destructive and non-destructive, which include compression strength, flexural strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity test. One reference concrete mix was conducted and eight mixes contain WPF has been producing self-compacting concrete mixers containing a different volumetric ratio of plastic fibers (Vf) % percentages (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2) %. Three cubes samples were prepared for testing the compressive strength, three prisms were prepared for the test modules of rupture, one cylinder were prepared testing the modulus of elasticity. The experiments show that adding plastic fibers to SCC leads to an increase in the compression strength and modulus of rupture at 28-day as follows (42.30)% and (73.12)% respectively for mix ratio (1.5)% in comparison with the reference mix, which represent the best ratio of fibers, as such the results of testing the fresh concrete containing waste fibers showed that adding these fibers led a reduction in workability for SCC.
This main aim of this study is evaluate wide range of fresh and hardened properties of sustainable self-compacting concrete containing various types of Cement Replacement Materials with optimum contents of Polyethylene Terephthalate PET waste plastic as fibers and fine aggregate replacement. This is to evaluate effect of the two forms of PET and to determine the best CRMs could be used with sustainable SCC. such as limestone, glass powder and fly ash with high replacement rate of 70% by weight of cement were used while fourth one (kaolin) was used with replacement rate of 20%. PET fibers were added to SCC with an aspect ratio of 24.4 and 0.7% volume fraction whereas fine aggregate partially replaced by 4% of waste plastic. Four reference mixtures contained FA, LP, GP and KA only, same four mixtures contained 0.7% PET fibers by volume, and the other same four mixtures contained 4% PET fine aggregate by volume. The obtained results all tested fresh properties, which include slump flow, T500, L-Box and segregation resistance were within the limits of the specification reported in EFNERC guidelines. Further, the forms PET have an adverse effect fresh properties of SCC. As for hardened properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength). Further, this produced type of SCC showed an range of compressive strength (15.2-31.64 MPa) at 28 days. It can be from the current study the best CRMs to be used in SCC containing PET wastes was FA in terms of most tested properties.
This paper presents and discuses some properties of self-compacting concrete SCC containing optimum contents of different types of cement replacement materials CRMs like fly ah, silica fume and limestone powder. The purpose is to evaluate the performance of SCC mixtures to choose the best one for strengthening purposes of corroded reinforcement concrete beams. In a preliminary work, the theoretical optimum contents of the above materials were specified using statistical program (Minitab) and they were verified experimentally. This verification based on checking fresh properties such as slump flow, T500, L-box and segregation resistance as well as compressive strength. The optimum contents of CRMs: 14% fly ash, 19% limestone, 18% silica fume plus fly ash and 11% silica fume were selected and studied. Compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths were examined, as well as the modulus of elasticity, water absorption and porosity (which reflect the related durability properties) were examined. Test results show that the optimum verified theoretical percentage of a combination of fly ash and silica fume, at 18% by weight of cement with a fixed water-binder ratio of 0.33 showed the best overall performance. It was deduced that this SCC mix gave the highest mechanical properties and the lowest porosity and water absorption. For example, the compressive strength increased by 36.25% as compared to SCC mix containing limestone powder. Further, the porosity and water absorption decreased by 120.8% and 164% respectively as compared to the above same SCC mix. Thus, it could be used for strengthening purpose of corroded RC beams.
The purpose of this research is to produce a modified SCC that involves the incorporation of expanded polystyrene (EPS) and waste of plastic type (PET). The goal is to minimize the weight of the material while simultaneously improving its brittleness and reducing the environmental impact. The study focuses on two methods for reducing the weight of structural elements by using EPS beads, which create voids through concrete, and the second method is making a hollow through the element. This study included designing and investigating four concrete beams under concentrated static load. The parameters were hollow position and material types. The results showed that the offsetting hollow from the center of the beam enhanced the ductility index by 10% and increased the load capacity by 10%. Adding EPS beads reduce the concrete density by 11.5% and load capacity by 22%. Toughness was improved by using plastic fiber due to the mechanism of crack bridging. The crack pattern had been changed due to the utilization of waste material, and enhancement was observed through experimental tests by making smooth cracks and changing the probability of sudden failure when using GFRP rebars. It was found that the optimal quantity of EPS was 2 kg to produce SCC in accordance with code requirements. No debonding or slip was observed during monitoring, as evidenced by the absence of spalling or cracking around the reinforcement.
AbstractThis study aims to investigate the properties of SCC produced by locally availablematerials , and attempts have been made to increase the range of grading of fineaggregate, with fineness modulus ranging from (1.5 to 4.1) , and to study the effect of themaximum size of coarse aggregate . It also aims to study the influence of High ReactivityMetakaolin (HRM) as a partial replacement by weight of cement on the properties of freshand hardened SCC, 24 different mixes of SCC are prepared .8 mixes are considered asReference mixes which are used for comparison purposes. To determine the workability,different test methods were adopted such as slump flow, V-funnel, and L-box tests. Whenfineness modulus of fine aggregate and maximum size of coarse aggregate increase,flowability, passing ability and segregation resistance decrease as compared with smallmaximum size of aggregate and other fineness modulus. Further more, the inclusion of10% HRM as a partial replacement by weight of cement leads to decrease flow ability andincrease of viscosity. The fineness modulus (3.1) of fine aggregate gives better resultsthan other fineness modulus. The results obtained from this study, also show that it ispossible to produce SCC from local available materials which satisfy the requirement ofthis type of concrete. Moreover, the results show the possibility of using different gradingof fine aggregate with fineness modulus ranging from (1.5 to 4.1) and the effect ofchange in fineness modulus is not significant on hardened concrete properties , while it ismore significant on fresh concrete properties .
In this study, eight rectangular reinforced concrete beams strengthened by bottom steel plates firmly interconnected to them by headed-stud shear connectors are manufactured using self compacting concrete and tested up to failure under two point loads to demonstrate the effect of steel-plate thicknesses, lengths, and the shear-connector distributions on the behavior, ductility and strength of this type of beams. A trial mix conforming to the EFNARC Constraints had been successfully carried out to satisfy the three fresh tests of SCC, these tests are flowability, passing ability and segregation resistance. The results show that there is a substantial improvement in the flexural resistance, increasing the flexural stiffness and decreasing the ductility ratio due to thickening steel plate, On contrary, increasing the spacing between shear connectors to 50% had slight effect on the flexural resistance, but subsequent increase of their spacing to 100% had seriously lowered that resistance, The spacing between shear connectors has a primary effect on the average flexural stiffness and ductility ratio. In regard to the steel plate length, its shortening has reduced the flexural resistance significantly, decreased the average flexural stiffness and had increased the ductility ratio. The experimentally determined ultimate flexural strength had been compared with its corresponding one computed by the "Strength Method" using ACI requirements where high agreement gained between them due to the nearly perfect interaction provided by SCC. The eight composite beams had also been analyzed by the non-linear three dimensional Finite Element Analysis employing ANSYS program (release 12.1),where high agreement is achieved compared with experimental results.
An experimental investigation was conducted to study the strength, behaviour and deflection characteristics of two way slabs made with both self-consolidating concrete (SCC) and conventional concrete (CC). Six concrete slabs were tested to failure under simply supported uniform by distributed loading conditions. The variables were concrete type and macro synthetic fibres ratio (0%, 0.07% and 0.14%). The performance was evaluated based on crack pattern, ultimate load, load-deflection response and failure mode. The results showed that the ultimate strength of SCC slabs was larger than that of their CC counterparts. The results also showed an improvement of the behaviour and strength of slabs by adding the synthetic fibres.
This study was conducted to examine the impact of plastic fibers (WPFs) in an effort to improve some of the features of self-compacting concrete (SCC) using Iraqi raw materials. Waste polyethylene terephthalate fibers (waste PET fibers) from used beverage bottles were added. Some tests were carried out to determine the effects of adding WPFs on the fresh properties of new concrete, while additional tests examined the mechanical properties of hardened concrete. Because of this, self-compacting concrete blends were created with a constant water-to-binder ratio of 0.32 and a binder content of 525 kg/m3. The designated plastic fiber percentages contents were 0%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% of mix volume. Self-compacting concrete mixtures' fresh characteristics were assessed for slump flow diameter, T50 slump flow concurrently, V-funnel flow concurrently, and L-box height ratio. The 28-day density, compressive strengths and flexural strength of self-compacting concretes were also measured. The use of plastic waste fibers had a slight effect on reducing the density of the produced concrete and a negative effect on the fresh properties. The compressive strengths were improved by using WPFs, with the maximum improvement equal to (11.065%) when compared to those made from the reference mix